Diesel Particulate Filter Technology (DPF):

• DPF is one of the technologies designed to lower pollution of the air and improve the ecological conditions of the Earth with an exclusive part of the car market. A number of countries around the world have passed laws in different years that have made the use of this technology compulsory in all diesel-powered vehicles around the world. (The use of DPF for road vehicles goes back to 1985 and, for other vehicles that are not road-based some years earlier.)
• The efficiency that is provided by the DPF system is based on how well it absorbs particulate matter (soot). Particulate matter produced by incomplete fuel-air combustion in the engine can pollute the air. However, the DPF system prevents this contamination. DPF absorbs and accumulates soot particles and, ECU should be required when the number of soot particles deposited burns off the soot inside the filter, by increasing the temperature of the exhaust.
• But, the possible defect of the dpf system can be observed if the vehicle is in traffic. Consequently, the engine runs at low RPM.

The causes in DPF Failure:

1. DPF pressure sensor failure
2. Performance tuning that isn’t optimal
3. High mileage automobile
4. oil passes through the engine or turbo seals into the exhaust chamber
5. Faulty fuel injectors sending too much fuel into the mixture of fuel and air.
6. EGR valve issues

Under such scenarios, so many particles can build up and clog the exhaust gas passage out of the engine. Of course, it is pre-defined in ECUs by which, in the case that you are the owner of the vehicle you can empty the DPF filter when driving on highways or intercity routes (when the engine is operating at higher RPM. This emptying is dependent on the car’s model and its ECU. If you’re DPF isn’t recyclable (requiring regular replacement), it should be cleaned after 30,000 km (or approximately six months) because otherwise, you’ll experience a blocked DPF. However, regeneration should be completed every 5,000km typically performed automatically by the sensors once they examine the pressure difference. Regeneration takes place in three distinct ways:

1.–in the first form and also referred to as passive, the principle is the fact that there is covered in soot that builds up and is discharged when it travels a certain distance when the engine is loaded with RMP and RMP in addition to the filters reaching an appropriate temperature. This kind of regeneration is usually used in non-traffic vehicles.

2.–The second type of regeneration is known as active regeneration. This type of regeneration is when the DPF doesn’t reach the temperature needed to discharge the soot, which results in an imbalance in the pressure of the DPF. In this case, the ECU raises temperature and aids in regeneration by injecting fuel.

3.–The third kind of regeneration, also known as manual regeneration, is performed on periodic device services in repair shops. This method is based on the instructions given to the ECU by the Car scanner device. This device is used to increase its temperature, and also melt off the soot.

V arious kinds that are DPF system

• Cordierite (Cordierite Wall Flow Filter)
• Ceramic (Ceramic Fiber Filter)
• Silicon Carbide (Silicon Carbide Wall Flow Filter)

The three models are the most commonly used DPF models. Other than the price difference they mainly differ in melting temperature and duct size. These differences have a direct impact on the quality of the final product manufactured.

Although apart from the three models of filters mentioned above, additional products such as flow-through metal fiber filters as well as paper filters, are available Cordierite filter is the most used filter.